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Masks and headdresses in the collection of so-called "primitive" art from Sub-Saharan black Africa at Vrije Universiteit Brussel
African Masks Symbolism
The Art of the African Mask, University of Virginia
- Faces of the Spirit, University of Virginia
- Icons of Power, University of Virginia
- Images of Ancestors, University of Virginia
- Portraits of Rulers, University of Virginia
Physical characteristics of African Tribal Masks, Rebirth African Art Gallery
Bortolot, Alexander Ives, Idia: The First Queen Mother of Benin. In Timeline of Art History. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, October 2003. Truy cập ngày 25 tháng 3 năm 2007.
Lommel, Andreas Masks, Their Meaning and Function, Ferndale Editions, London, orig. Atlantis Verlag Zurich 1970 — introduction, after Himmelheber Afrikanische Masken ISBN 0-905746-11-2
Martens-Czarnecka, Malgorzata (2008). “A Scene of a Ritual Dance (Old Dongola-Sudan)”. Etudes et Travaux (PDF). XXII.

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